Question

Chromatin is made up of
A. Nucleoprotein
B. Nucleoside
C. Pentose sugar
D. Nitrogen base

Answer 1

Hint: A complex macromolecule called chromatin makes up a chromosome that consists of DNA and protein. The proteins called histones are the major proteins in chromatin. They regulate the function of the packaging of the DNA.

Complete answer: A complex of DNA and protein called chromatin is found in eukaryotic cells. It makes the DNA molecule compact and denser in structure. Chromatin plays an important role during cell division by preventing the DNA from getting damaged and regulating gene expressions and DNA replication. During the anaphase stage, the chromatin regulates the proper segregation of the chromosomes. Chromatin is made up of a protein called nucleoprotein. Chromatin fibres exist in two forms namely heterochromatin and euchromatin. Heterochromatin is the compact form and euchromatin is the less compact form. Any protein which is associated with the nucleic acids of DNA and RNA is called nucleoprotein. Nucleoproteins tend to be positively charged, facilitating interaction with the negatively charged nucleic acid chains.
a) Nucleoside refers to the nitrogenous base of the DNA and RNA.
b) Pentose sugar is the sugar found in the nucleic acid.
c) Nitrogen base in one of the components of DNA and RNA.
So, option A is the correct answer.

Note: Nucleosomes are formed by wrapping DNA around histone proteins and a structure called beads on the string is formed. The nucleosome arrays in their most compact form that consist of multiple histones wrapped into a 30-nanometer fibre.