Question

Chromatin consists of
A. DNA
B. Proteins
C. Histones
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Chromatin is a nucleoprotein and is a hereditary material that is formed together by both DNA and histone protein complex and some non-histone proteins are also present. In eukaryotes, the DNA is present in condensed form as chromatin in the nucleus.

Complete step by step answer: The chromatin is formed with the help of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The nucleus of a cell consists of chromosomes. The chromosomes further contain one single molecule of DNA combined with an equal protein mass. The DNA molecules along with the protein associated together are called Chromatin. Every nucleosome in a cell has DNA that is wrapped around by eight histone proteins. Later this histone is turned into solenoid by enfolding. The histones help chromatin to maintain its structure. The percentage of DNA present in chromatin is about 30 – 40%. The percentage of proteins present in chromatin is about 50-60%.
Hence, the correct answer is all of the above which is option D.
Additional information:
The main functions of Chromatin are as follows-
1. They help to prevent the DNA from getting damaged.
2. They support the DNA molecules so that cell division occurs properly.
3. They condense DNA properly so that it fits into the cell.
4. They are responsible for controlling gene expression as well as DNA replication.

Note: Chromosomes and chromatin are different. Chromosomes are condensed forms of chromatin fibers whereas chromatin is a nucleoprotein consisting of DNA and protein complex. Chromosomes are compact and thick whereas chromatin is thin and long. Chromosomes can be seen during cell division whereas chromatin can be seen during the cell cycle.