Question

Choose the word which can be substituted for the given phrase:
Science of printing
A) Calligraphy
B) Typography
C) Topography
D) Cryptography

Answer 1

Hint: Look through the given options and understand the meanings. Use them in a
sentence in order to completely understand their meaning. Make sure to differentiate
between ‘calligraphy’ and ‘typography’. Then, choose the correct option accordingly.

Complete answer:
In grammar, substitute is used as a noun to refer to a word that serves as a particular kind of replacement. When one word replaces an entire phrase, and still retains the original meaning, it is called a ‘substitute noun’. For example, the phrase ‘the occurrence and development of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way’ can be substituted by the word ‘serendipity’. The only way to identify them correctly is to memorise them or use etymology to guess them as accurately as possible.

Now, we know the meaning of the given phrase. Let’s look at the given options:
A) Calligraphy - The word ‘calligraphy’ refers to ‘the design and execution of lettering with a broad-tipped instrument, brush, or other writing instrument’, so this word does not have the exact same meaning as the given phrase. It does not mean the same thing. This is not the required answer. So, this is an incorrect option.
B) Typography - The word ‘typography’ refers to ‘the art or procedure of arranging type or processing data and printing from it’, so this word has the exact same meaning as the given phrase. This is the required answer. So, this is the correct option.
C) Topography - The word ‘topography’ refers to ‘the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area’, so this word does not have the exact same meaning as the given phrase. It does not mean the same thing. This is not the required answer. So, this is an incorrect option.
D) Cryptography - The word ‘cryptography’ refers to ‘the art of writing or solving codes’, so this word does not have the exact same meaning as the given phrase. It does not mean the same thing. This is not the required answer. So, this is an incorrect option.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘B’.

Note: The given description can be summarised by another synonym ‘composition’. This
synonym should help you find the word that is the replacement for the given phrase.