Question

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given: The two daughter cells formed during mitosis contain
a. The same amount of DNA, but a set of chromosomes different from those of the parent cell
b. The same amount of DNA and the same set of chromosomes as those of the parent cell
c. Half the amount of DNA and the same set of chromosomes as those of the parent cell
d. Double the amount of DNA and a set of chromosomes different from those of the parent cell

Answer 1

Hint: Mitosis is a process of cell division in which a parental cell gives rise to two identical daughter cells. These daughter cells are identical to each other and the parental cell. It is a type of division in which the chromosomes are duplicated and distributed equally in the daughter cells.

Complete answer:
• In a cell cycle, there are mainly two phases, the interphase, and the mitotic phase. Interphase is a phase between two successive M phases and during this time the cell prepares itself for cell division by duplicating its organelles and DNA.
• The division of genetic material is also referred to as equational division because the two daughter cells have the same number and amount of chromosomes as their parental cell.
• Mitotic phase incorporates the actual processes that lead to cell division.
• Mitotic phase comprises Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. In these stages, the genetic material separates and is divided into daughter cells.

Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

Note:
• Mitosis was first observed by Strasburger in plant cells and by Walter Flemming in the animal cell.
• The term mitosis was given by Walter Flemming in 1882.
• M phase in humans lasts <5% of the duration of the cell cycle.
• Mitotic phase comprises two processes called Karyokinesis (where the division of nucleus occurs) and Cytokinesis (where the division of cytoplasm occurs).
• Colchicine inhibits mitosis by inhibiting the formation of microtubules.