Question

Chloroethane, ${C_2}{H_5}Cl$, does not react with methanol under mild conditions. What reagent could be added to the reaction mixture to increase the rate of substitution?
A. $HCl(conc.)$
B. $NaOH$
C. $N{H_4}OH$
D. $AgN{O_3}$

Answer 1

Hint: Chloroethane is the most colorless and least harmful individual from the class of chloroethanes, that is ethane in which a solitary hydrogen is subbed by a chlorine. A boring gas at room temperature and weight, it is utilized as a mellow skin sedative to numb the skin preceding ear penetrating, skin biopsies, and so on, and is likewise utilized in the treatment of sports wounds. It was in the past utilized in the creation of tetraethyllead.

Complete step by step answer:
As we know, to expand the pace of replacement of ethyl chloride with methanol, damp silver oxide $(A{g_2}O)$ or silver nitrate $(AgN{O_3})$ is utilized.
Whenever presented to focuses in different % .There will be many problem created by it:
At higher than $6\% $ to $8\% $ casualties regularly show shallow breathing, loss of consciousness, as well as discouraged pulse. Thus, they can be excited (brought around) with actual contact or uproarious clamor. So, expulsion from the region of presentation is encouraged to reestablish cognizance.
 Harmful over-presentation begins at $9\% $ to $12\% $ fixations, the pulse drops further, the casualty may have more shallow breathing or stop all together, they don't react to any external incitement and may start to automatically heave, burp or regurgitate, which can prompt a goal if the casualty isn't turned on his side. This establishes a health-related crisis and requires brief activity.
As at $ > 12\% $ focus, the casualty's heart, lungs and kidneys start to come up short. Quick CPR followed by clinical help measures might be needed to forestall lethal kidney, lung and cardiovascular breakdown. The vapour is combustible and opiate, which requires care. Monochloroethane is the most un-harmful form of the Chloroethanes. Like other Chlorinated hydrocarbons, it is a focal sensory system depressant, yet a less intense one than numerous comparative mixes. Individuals breathing its fumes at under $1\% $ fixation in air for the most part experience no side effects.
As, at convergences of $3\% $ to $5\% $ . In this case, casualties ordinarily show manifestations like those of liquor inebriation.
Breathing its fumes at $ > 15\% $ fixation is regularly lethal however most monetarily accessible handheld compartments contain a sum of 30% per volume of concentrated fumes which normally scatter in the external air.

So, the correct answer is Option D.

Note: Chloroethane is a recreational inhalant medication, despite the fact that it ought not be mistaken for a duster or canned air, which is made out of fluorinated low-weight hydrocarbons, for example, tetrafluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane or another comparative gas.