Question

What is the chemical name of caustic soda?

Answer 1

Hint: Sodium is an active metal. Some industrial important compounds of sodium are sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate. Sodium metal belongs to the S-block element as the last electron enters into the S-subshell. It is also known as alkali metal because with water they give basic solutions.

Complete answer:
The chemical name of caustic soda is sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This is commercially prepared by the aqueous solution of sodium chloride using mercury cathode and graphite as anode. The electrolysis carried out is a specially designed vessel called Costner and kellnerts cell or mercury cathode cell.
Properties of caustic soda: Sodium hydroxide is white crystalline solid with M.P 591 K. It is highly soluble in water to give a strong alkaline solution which is bitter in taste, soapy in touch and corrosive in nature. Crystals of NaOH are deliquescent. The sodium hydroxide solution formed at the surface react with atmospheric $\text{C}{{\text{o}}_{2}}$ to form crystals of sodium carbonate.
     $2\text{ NaOH}+\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{2}}\to \text{N}{{\text{a}}_{2}}\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{3}}+{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O}$

Note:
Sodium hydroxide has various kinds of application
1.It is used in the manufacturing of soap, paper, artificial silk (crayon) etc.
2.It is used in refining of petrol and in the purification of bauxite.
3.Caustic soda is also used in the manufacturing of dyco and many other chemicals.
4.It is used for preparation of pure facts and oil.
5.It is used in the textile industry.