Question

What is the centrum of the 8th vertebrae of a frog?
(a) Procoelous
(b) Acoelous
(c) Amphiplatyan
(d) Amphicoelous

Answer 1

Hint: The wide anterior middle portion of the vertebra is the centrum. A shape of vertebrae in which both the center’s anterior and posterior surfaces are concave (also called biconcave) . One of the types of vertebrae found.

Complete step by step answer:
The first vertebra in the frog is an atlas or cervical, ring-shaped to protect the skull. With elongated transverse processes, the second to 7th vertebrae are procoelous. The eighth vertebra is amphicoelous, and the ninth vertebra is biconvex, connected to the posterior side of the urostyle.
Each vertebra has a body that consists of a broad middle anterior portion called the centrum (plural center) and a neural arch called the posterior vertebral arch. In order to provide attachment to the intervertebral discs, the upper and lower surfaces of the vertebra body are flattened and rough.
So, the correct answer is ‘Amphicoelous’.

Additional information: The 33 independent, interlocking bones that form the spinal column are vertebrae. Each vertebra has three primary functional components: the load-bearing vertebral body, the spinal cord defense vertebral arch, and ligament attachment transverse processes.
The procoelous vertebrae have a concavity, but not the lateral, to the anterior end. Frogs and other reptiles have classes of procoelous vertebrae.
Amphiplatyan: Used for vertebrae with both the anterior and posterior surfaces of the centrum smooth at both sides.

Note: The vertebrae are said to be amphicoelous (biconcave, or depressed on the anterior and posterior sides) , but the vertebrae are called opisthocoelous (bulged on the anterior side and depressed on the posterior side) if they mineralize or ossify.
There is a medication with the name centrum which is a multivitamin and iron producing the drug.