Question

What causes groundwater depletion? How can it be recharged?

Answer 1

Hint: The groundwater depletion is defined as the decrease in the level of groundwater. It is of great concern as the most usable water is present in the form of groundwater. There are many causes of groundwater depletion which are usually the outcome of human activities.

Complete answer:
Major causes of groundwater depletion are –
Over exploitation of groundwater by means of pumping.
Continuous pumping of water from aquifers and no time to replenish that.
Larger need of water for agriculture and fulfilment by the groundwater.
Less rainfall.
Less surface for absorption of rainwater due to populated places.
Deforestation, as water holding capacity is reduced.
The groundwater can be replenished or recharged by the following means:
Efficient use of water.
Conservation of water.
Rainwater harvesting
Regulation of groundwater pumping
Use of lakes, ponds, and canals for agriculture instead of groundwater.
Finding alternative resources of water.
Plantation

Note:
Unlike surface water, groundwater volume is rather difficult to estimate. And since groundwater supplies don't recharge naturally as quickly as surface water, it's unfortunate that aquifers will deplete in areas of excess. Many water-related initiatives understand the sensitivity of the groundwater situation and advocate for better management of the world's aquifers. Replenishing the water supply by both artificial and natural methods is a cost-effective way to increase the availability of groundwater.