Question

What would cause an atom to have low electronegativity value

Answer 1

Electronegativity of the atom increases from left to right in the periodic table
Electronegativity of the atom decreases down the group in the Periodic table
Electronegativity of atom depends on the shielding of electrons
Electronegativity of atom depends on the distance between the nucleus and the
electron density of the atom

Complete answer:
Low electronegativity is due to
Shielding of nuclear charge by other electronic shells can cause low electronegativity
When there is large amount of shielding by the electrons, nucleus will have low effective nuclear charge which in turn leads to low electronegativity
If an atom has more electron shells such as K-shell, L-shell and more then it will lead to low electronegativity
The distance between the nucleus electron density of electron orbitals can also be the reason
If an atom contains more electronic shells, it will have lower electronegativity value
If an atom has lower protons, it needs only lower pull or low electronegativity value
If an atom’s electron density is far away from the positive nucleus, it needs only less pull
The lower the pull on the electron density, lower the electronegativity value
If an atom has lower electronegativity, it will have less affinity towards attraction of elements
The atoms with lower electronegativity will have lower efficiency in binding electrons and the lowest electronegative element is Francium with $0.7$electronegativity
The corresponding value was measured by Pauling scale

Note:
Nuclear charge shielding, Lower protons, less pull, lower affinity towards attraction and distance between the nucleus and electron density are the reasons