Question

Cathode rays have:
A. mass only.
B. charge only.
C. no mass and no charge.
D. both mass and charge.

Answer 1

Hint: Cathode ray tube is a vacuum tube containing one or more sources of electrons and a fluorescent screen used to view images. These cathode ray tubes are filled with cathode rays. It was introduced by J J Thomson by cathode ray experiment.

Complete step by step answer:
Cathode ray experiment was introduced by J J Thomson. He is credited with the discovery of electrons and isotopes. He suggested that the fundamental unit of matter was a thousand times smaller than an atom. He also termed electrons.
When a current of high voltage is passed through a gas kept at very low pressure, blue rays emerge. These rays are called cathode rays. These cathode rays are negatively charged. When electric fields are applied to the cathode rays, they are deflected upward. Thus he established the electric charge. He could cancel the effect of the magnetic field by applying an electric field that tended to bend the path of cathode rays in the opposite direction. He also quantified the mass of cathode rays. He showed that cathode rays were made up of particles and lighter than hydrogen. Initially he named them corpuscles and later electrons.
Thus the cathode rays have both mass and charge.

Hence option D is correct.

Additional information:
Some properties of cathode rays are:
-The path of cathode rays is not dependent on the path of anode.
-They move in straight lines perpendicular to the surface of anode.
-They are not rays, but material particles having a definite mass and velocity.

Note:
J J Thomson also calculated the velocity of electrons and by applying electrical field and magnetic field, the charge by mass ratio was also determined. If the particle is lighter, then the deflection is greater. Similarly greater the charge, greater the deflection.