Question

Catenation property is maximum in:
(A) Phosphorus
(B) Carbon
(C) Sulphur
(D) None

Answer 1

Hint: Catenation refers to the property of self – linking of atoms of an element. It depends upon bond energy, size and bond length between the atoms of the same element. Thus, the element capable of forming stronger and shorter self – linking bonds will have the best catenation property.

Complete step by step answer:
Catenation can be defined as the self – linking of atoms of an element to form chains and rings
The examples of elements in which catenation takes place are:
-Carbon
-Boron
-Sulphur
-Silicon
Carbon is known to be the element in which the catenation occurs most readily. It forms covalent bonds to form longer chains and structures with other carbon atoms. This is the main reason behind the occurrence of a vast number of organic compounds in nature.
Not only carbon, silicon, Sulphur and boron are also among the main group elements that are able to form catenal.
Additional information:
All the elements of group $4$ known as carbon family have the property of showing catenation. The first member of the group has the maximum tendency of catenation
$C > Si > Ge > Sn > Pb$
As we move down the group, the tendency to catenate decreases because the atomic size increases and strength of covalent bond decreases. Hence, the catenation property decreases down the group.

Note:
The property of catenation is the main reason due to which a vast range of organic compounds are present in organic chemistry. It is not necessary that all elements forming good self linking bonds have the property of catenation.