Question

Capacitation of sperm is provided by
A. Urethra
B. Vas deferens
C. Female reproductive tract
D. Seminal vesicle

Answer 1

Hint:
Capacitation is the penultimate step within the maturation of mammalian spermatozoa and is needed to render them in a position to fertilize an oocyte. This step is a biochemical event in which the sperm move normally and appearance mature previous to capacitation. The technique prepares the sperm to go through the acrosome reaction if you want to allow it to penetrate the outer layer of the egg for fertilization.

Complete step by step answer:
Without the capacitation technique, the sperm would be unable to penetrate the egg and fertilization couldn't occur.
After ejaculation, as the sperm enters into the vagina, the acidic environment and secretions of the girl reproductive tract activate a chemical alternate in the sperm. The head of the sperm (the acrosome) becomes greater permeable, permitting the release of the enzymes so as to allow the sperm to bind with the egg at some point of the system of fertilization.
This is a part of the physiological maturation manner the sperm ought to entire and handiest happens once the sperm enters the woman's reproductive tract. These changes are vital to permit the sperm to penetrate the outer layer of the egg to efficiously entire fertilization.
Two primary changes inside the sperm occur for the duration of capacitation:
The elimination of the outer protein layer on the head of the sperm. Removing this layer releases enzymes that permit the sperm to penetrate the outer layer of the egg (called the acro).
The tail of the sperm actions in a whipping motion with large movements, increasing sperm motility and allowing the sperm to journey to the egg.
When seeking to obtain pregnancy via intercourse, the capacitation method takes place in the woman's reproductive tract. During in vitro fertilization (IVF), this procedure is completed artificially by means of setting the accrued sperm in an activating fluid earlier than combining them with the accumulated eggs.

Option (C) Female reproductive tract is the correct answer.

Note:
Capacitation has two consequences: destabilisation of the acrosomal sperm head membrane which lets in it to penetrate the outer layer of the egg, and chemical modifications within the tail that allow more mobility within the sperm. The adjustments are facilitated via the elimination of sterols (Cholesterol) and non-covalently sure epididymal seminal glycoproteins. The result is an extra fluid membrane with an improved permeability to calcium ions.