Question

Who is called the father of modern chemistry?
A.Faraday
B. Pristley
C. Rutherford
D. Lavoisier

Answer 1

Hint: He was a french chemist who made great contributions to science. He has discovered the role of oxygen in combustion.

Complete step by step answer:
-Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier was a French nobleman, who wrote the book ‘Elements of Chemistry” in 1778 is known as the father of modern Chemistry.
-He was an 18th century famous chemist. He was a diligent experimenter and he also revolutionized chemistry. Lavoisier is famous not only for his chemical theories but also for his work in the laboratory. He determined that oxygen was a key substance in combination and he gave the elements its name. He developed the modern system of naming chemical substances.
-Lavoisier discovered the fundamental role of oxygen in the process of combination. He recognized and named oxygen, the generator of acids in 1778 and hydrogen in 1783 and opposed the phlogiston theory because the theory that was emerged by him was in many respects a mirror image of phlogiston theory. He helped construct the metric system. He discovered the law of conservation of mass that says although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same.
-He was the first to write the extensive list of elements and also helped to reform chemical nomenclature.
-He also predicted the existence of silicon and was the first to establish that sulphur was an element rather than a compound.

Hence option D is correct.

Note:
Though Joseph Pristley had discovered oxygen but it was Lavoisier who clearly demonstrated its nature and oxidation overthrowing the entire phlogiston theory, causing a complete change in chemical terminology.