Question

When and by whom was the Civil Disobedience Movement launched?

Answer 1

Hint: The Civil disobedience movement was one of the Indian National Movement when people started protesting against the British government because of their harsh policies and rules.

Complete Step by Step answer: The feeling of Nationalism in India came with the anti-colonial movement. People started uniting irrespective of caste, religion, gender and class against the common enemy which is British. Started with satyagraha movement in Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad it spread to other parts of India. Then in 1920, the Non- Cooperation Movement was launched where people of India started boycotting foreign goods, institutes and jobs.

Laws like the Rowlatt act and salt law made by the British government restricted Indian to form organisations, associations and manufacture of salt which further led to forceful imprisonment. In retaliation, people started protesting and Gandhiji gave the ultimatum to Lord Irwin by sending a letter stating 11 demands of the general interest of the society and warned that if these demands were not fulfilled, the congress would launch a civil disobedience movement. Finally, when Irwin didn’t negotiate, Gandhiji with his volunteers started a salt march and after reaching Dandi violated salt law by manufacturing salt and on March 12, 1930, Civil Disobedience Movement started, breaking colonial laws like salt law, Forest law and industrial laws. Different social groups like peasants, zamindars, businessmen and women participated in this movement demanding tax minimisation, protection against foreign goods, banning of liquor shops etc.

Note: Do not get confused between Non- Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movement as in Non- Cooperation movement people refused to cooperate with the government and on the other hand in Civil disobedience movement people were breaking the laws.