Question

Branched leaf spines occur in
(a) Acacia
(b) Opuntia
(c) Berberis vulgaris
(d) Asparagus

Answer 1

Hint: In India, these plants are commonly known as Babul plants majorly used as the datum for cleaning the teeth, its regular use facilitates in strengthening gums, teeth and reduces plaque and inflammation.

Correct step by step answer:
The branched leaf spines occur in Acacia. It has pinnate leaves that produce branched leaf spines. Spines are modified stipules present at the base of the leaf. and are called as stipular spines. These branched leaf spines always occur in pairs.
- Many acacias have tiny leaves and are covered in thorns. Many varieties aren’t thorny. The name Acacia is derived from the Greek word ‘akakia’ which means"thorny Egyptian tree".
- The spine is technically a modified, sharp- pointed leaf, and it has a bud in its axil, so the spine occurs in the relative position of a leaf.
- The leaves of acacias are compound pinnate in general The plants often bear spines, especially those species growing in arid regions.
- These sometimes represent branches that have become short, hard, and pungent, though they sometimes represent leaf- stipules.
- The seeds of acacia are often used for food and a variety of other products.
- Especially after mining or construction damage, the acacias can be planted for controlling soil erosion.

So, the correct answer is, '(a) Acacia.'

Note:
- Acacias are found in places like South America, Africa, and parts of Asia, but the majority of acacias grow in Australia. Spines are derived from leaves, either the entire leaf or some part of the leaf that has vascular bundles inside, just like the petiole or a stipule.
- In cacti, spines are wholly transformed leaves that protect the plant from herbivores from being grazed. It radiates heat from the stem during the day and collects and drips condensed water vapor during the cooler night.
- Acacia karroo gum was once used for making confectionery and traded under the name "Cape Gum". To treat cattle suffering from poisoning by Moraea species, acacia is used medicinally.