Question

Blot clotting requires –

Answer 1

Hint: When we get injured that results in bleeding, the blood clotting occurs. A mineral ion that can coagulate blood is required for the process of blood clotting. The major protein present is fibrinogen. The factors that are necessary for blood clotting are present in the plasma.

Complete answer:
A process where the involved prevents excessive bleeding, blood loss and death by forming a clot over the wound is called the blood clotting or coagulation. This process involves the participation of the platelets, ions and protein. The process of clotting in which there requires the presence of the $Ca^{2+}$ ions and various proteins known as clotting factors. Vitamin K works with calcium as well. Chelation of $Ca^{2+}$ ions inhibits clotting. Activation, adhesion and aggregation of platelets, and disposition and maturation of fibrin are the steps that are involved in blood clotting. Thrombin, a proteolytic enzyme required for the formation of platelet aggregation and fibrin. This is a serine protease that is formed from the proteolytic cleavage of prothrombin. Fibrinogen in the plasma is converted into fibrin with the help of the thrombin which are threads that trap dead and damage blood cells. The factors required for the coagulation of blood present in the plasma of blood and this plasma without the clotting factors is known as the serum. After an injury has healed, the body naturally dissolves a blood clot. However, in some conditions, inside the blood vessel if the clot does not dissolve, it can be extremely fatal.

Note:
Fibrinogen proteins are present in an inactive form and are activated during the injury of the vessel. The platelets are also known as the thrombocytes and they are produced from the megakaryocytes present in the bone marrow.