Question

What is biological nitrogen fixation? How is it different from nitrification? Give examples of organisms involved in each of these.

Answer 1

Hint: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation occurs when nitrogen-fixing microorganisms live in symbiotic partnerships with their hosts. It is mainly beneficial to plants that fix atmospheric nitrogen gas to ammonia, such as legumes. It has a wide range of natural habitats and has very minimal economic and environmental costs.
Plants supply a habitat and fixed carbon to bacteria in exchange for fixed nitrogen in a mutualistic connection known as symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

Complete answer:
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogenous chemicals produced by living organisms.
The majority of microorganisms work in tandem with host plants to fix nitrogen in a symbiotic manner. Plants use photosynthesis to produce sugars that are used by nitrogen-fixing bacteria to generate the energy required for nitrogen fixation.
The process of converting ammonium salts into nitrates and nitrites into nitrates is known as nitrification. In agriculture, irrigation with dilute ammonia solutions causes soil nitrates to rise due to nitrifying bacteria's action. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia, the simplest form of nitrogen in soil, to nitrate, the most oxidised form.
It happens in two stages: nitrite formation and nitrate formation, for example.

BIOLOGICAL FIXATION	NITRIFICATION
It is described as the conversion of nitrogen into ammonia or ammonium ions during the nitrogen fixation process.	The conversion of ammonia to nitrate is the process or step in the nitrogen cycle.
Ammonia or ammonium ions could be the end result.	Typically, the end result is nitrate or nitrite.
In the soil, this mechanism changes stable nitrogen to the unstable form of nitrogen.	This method is used to manufacture usable nitrogen, which is necessary for plant growth.
Azotobacter and Rhizobium are the microbes employed.	Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are the microbes employed.

Note:
Rhizobium or Brady rhizobium bacteria live in the root system of the host plant and create nodules to house the bacteria. The bacteria then begin to fix the nitrogen that the plant requires. Because the plant has access to fixed nitrogen, it can produce nitrogen-fortified leaves that can be circulated throughout the plant.