Question

How do biological clocks affect organisms?

Answer 1

Hint: The biological clocks are also known as the circadian rhythm. They are essential for the normal functioning of living beings and the coordination and organization of their behaviors. The biological clock is associated with the Pineal gland.

Complete answer:
The Pineal gland acts as a Biological clock or the sleep-inducing gland. It does that with the help of the melatonin hormone.
The melatonin hormone plays an important role in the regulation of the twenty-four hours diurnal rhythm of the body. This is known as the circadian rhythm. The secretion of the melatonin hormone follows a diurnal cycle. This means that it rises in the evening and throughout the night. Further, it drops around noon. Therefore, the concentration is maximum during midnight and minimum during noon. This process regulates the sleep-wake cycle. This is because light reduces the formation of melatonin which induces sleep. Due to this reason, we sleep during the night and are awake during the day.
Apart from that, the biological clock affects the menstrual cycle too. This occurs because it is regulated by the melatonin hormone. Melatonin delays puberty in humans by opposing the action of the LH and the FSH hormones. Therefore, it affects the menstrual cycle and the working of gonads.

Note:
The Pineal gland is also known as the third vestigial eye of Lord Shiva. It is also known as the Epiphysis cerebri. The Pineal gland is functional for up to six or seven years. It forms the melatonin hormone. The Pineal gland is first stimulated by the sunlight dropped on the eyes but the sunlight slowly degenerates the gland.