Question

Binary fission is the multiplication seen in
A. Yeast
B. Bacteria
C. Marchantia
D. Mosses

Answer 1

Hint:-Reproduction is a fundamental biological process which is responsible for the production of new individuals or offspring. It ensures the continuity of life on our planet earth. The offspring produce the next set of offspring and this continues from one generation to another. It involves mainly two processes viz., asexual and sexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction occurs in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
The mode of reproduction which does not involve the fusion of gametes is called asexual reproduction. The offspring is/are produced by only one parent. These organisms do not show variations and are physically identical or clones of their parent. The chromosome number remains same in the parent and its offspring. Asexual reproduction occurs in short duration and organisms show multiple generations in a very short time period.
Binary fission is a common method of asexual reproduction. It is a typical phenomenon observed in prokaryotes like Archaea, Eubacteria, etc. and certain single celled eukaryotes like Amoeba, Euglena, etc. A parent cell divides itself to produce two daughter cells. During this process, first the genetic material duplicates and segregates into two. Soon the cytoplasm also divides into two, each half carrying one genetic material each. A septum is formed to divide the two cytoplasm. Finally, a constriction appears in the middle of the cell which results in the formation of two daughter cells. Bacteria is a prokaryote which multiplies by binary fission.
So, the correct answer is option (B), Bacteria.

Note:- Binary fission is generally categorized into four different types depending on the plane of division. When a cell divides in any plane of division, it is irregular binary fission. Similarly, when division occurs along a transverse axis it is transverse binary fission but when division occurs on the longitudinal axis it is longitudinal binary fission. Sometimes a cell divides obliquely also which is why it is called oblique binary fission.