Question

Bahadur Shah Jafar (II) ruled from
A.1658 to1707 A.D.
B.1837 to1857A.D.
C.1857to1862A.D.
D.1800 to1829A.D.

Answer 1

Hint: We will discuss the last mughal ruler Bahadur Shah Jafar (II) and his rule. In the light of the above, we find that the following causes may in the main be held responsible for the decline of the Mughals. Aurangzeb's policy of religious intolerance,particularly towards the Hindus, which alienated them.

Complete answer:
Causes of the Decline of Mughal Empire:
This became the principal cause.Aurangzeb's Deccan policy caused his absence from the capital for twenty five years and this weakened his control.Aurangzeb's successors were weak. They spent their time in luxury and ignored state affairs.Aurangzeb's policy of long wars ruined not only among the rulers, but also among the people at large. They were so angry that they became the sworn enemies of the British.Discourtesy to the Mughal Emperor: Shah led to the further disintegration of the Mughal empire.The successors of Muhammad Shah were kings only in name. Among them the two who deserve attention were Shah Alam who granted Diwani rights to the British in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa, and Bahadur Shah Zafar 1837 to 1857A.D. who was the last in the line of Mughal kings. He took part in the 1857War of Independence and was sent to Rangoon as a prisoner, where he died in 1862.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: The Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah, had in those days a 'name' or a title only, in fact he was not at all powerful.Aurangzeb's policy of long wars ruined not only among the rulers, but also among the people at large.