Question

Assertion(A): Aerobic respiration is bio-energetically more efficient than anaerobic respiration.
Reason(R): Aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria whereas anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm.

a. If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c. if A is true but R is false.
d. If both A and R are false.

Answer 1

Hint: Aerobic respiration produces much more energy by the form of ATP from glucose molecules than anaerobic respiration does. Aerobic breathing produces between 36 and 38 ATP per glucose molecule, while anaerobic breathing produces just 2 ATP per glucose molecule.

Complete answer:
The reaction of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm and therefore does not require the presence of oxygen.A net gain of two ATP and two NADH molecules results from the conversion of one glucose molecule to two pyruvate molecules. 2 NADH gives rise to 6 ATP (3 ATP per NADH molecule). Glycolysis thus yields a total of 8 ATPs. The cycle of the kerb is far more efficient than either glycolysis or fermentation in releasing energy. The reactions of the kreb’s cycle require the presence of oxygen and are confined to the mitochondria. 24 is the total ATP generated during the cancer cycle.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B). Because if both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion

Additional information:
Aerobic cell respiration is much stronger than anaerobic respiration that this pathway is used by the vast majority of life on Earth. Using oxygen entails certain costs, however. Oxygen can be transformed into toxic forms that destroy biological molecules via cell activity. For this reason, if you were forced to breathe 100 percent oxygen rather than the 21 percent of our present atmosphere, you will die in a few days. The mitochondrial chromosome can be damaged by a toxic form of oxygen generated by the transport of respiratory electrons, causing mutations in its genes. To contribute to human ageing, the accumulation of such mutations over a lifetime has been proposed. In some cases, loss of muscle strength and loss of nerve function with age have been suggested to result from mitochondrial populations that have been crippled by nerve and muscle tissue mutations that have high aerobic respiration rates.

Note: Generally speaking, aerobic respiration transforms about 40 percent of the available energy of glucose into ATP. The remaining 60 percent is lost as heat and helps to generate your relatively high body temperature. 40 percent performance can sound poor but it is many times more effective than the best car engines.