Question

Assertion: Using conventional method of diagnosis (serous and urine analysis etc) early detection is not possible.
Reason: Recombinant DNA technology, PCR and ELISA are some of the techniques that serve the
purpose of early diagnosis.

Answer 1

Hint:-The goal of early diagnosis is to reduce the proportion of patients diagnosed at a late stage.
The path to future care and treatment is opened by early diagnosis. It allows individuals to prepare
ahead while also being able to make substantial decisions about their needs for care and assistance
and on financial and legal matters.

Complete step-by-step solution:-There are many traditional diagnostic instruments that are unreliable, time-consuming,laborious, and costly.
-Early diagnosis and prevention are possible now with advancements in biotechnology.
-R- DNA technology helps detect the probability of any disease arising.
-DNA probes are employed to identify mutated genes.
-A single-stranded DNA or RNA marked with a radioactive molecule or probe is permitted to be hybridized into its complementary DNA in a cell clone followed by autoradiography detection.
- PCR or polymerase chain reaction is used to diagnose the disease at an early stage when the
disease-causing pathogens are few in number and are unable to produce symptoms.
-The test measures the presence of the pathogen nucleic acid in body fluids, such as
detecting HIV in AIDS or mycobacteria in tuberculosis.
-In cancer patients, PCR is also used for gene mutation detection.
-To detect the presence of antigens, such as proteins or glycoproteins, produced by pathogens and antibodies synthesized by the body against pathogens, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or ELISA is used.

Note:-
At an early stage, as they have only begun to develop and have yet to spread to other areas of the body, several forms of cancer may be identified. Early detection can be important since, in its initial stages, cancer can often be treated more successfully than when it has spread and metastasized.