Question

Assertion
There was a conflict between the Moderates and Radicals during the Swadeshi Movement.
Reason
The moderates directly confronted the British Government.
A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
D. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Answer 1

Hint: The Indian National Congress split between Moderates and Radicals because of their ideologies regarding the system of the British government.

Complete answer: In 1907, in the Surat session the Indian National Congress was divided into two factions with different ideologies and objectives. They were known as moderates and radicals. Moderates believed in peaceful and constitutional agitation whereas extremists believed in a radical or aggressive approach. Moderates had great faith in the British constitutional system and Justice whereas extremists believed in self-reliance as a weapon against domination.
Moderate leaders wanted to develop public awareness about the unjust nature of British but they also felt that the British had respect for the ideas of freedom and Justice so they would accept the just demands of the Indian there whereas extremists did not have faith on British.
Looking at the options given:
 Both assertion and reason are correct and the reason is the correct explanation because there was a conflict between moderates and radicals during the Swadeshi movement as moderates wanted to confine this movement to be in Bengal whereas radicals wanted to spread this movement. The Moderates wanted a change by adopting the rules of the British government.
Thus Option A is the correct answer and all other options are incorrect.

Note: Dadabai Naoroji, A.O Hume, Gopal Krishna Gokhle were the supporters of British constitutional means. They were moderates. Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal were in support of self-rule. They were extremists.