Question

Assertion
The conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid is an oxidation reaction.
Reason
The molecule of ethanol contains six hydrogen atoms while that of ethanoic acid contains four hydrogen atoms since oxidation involves removal of hydrogen. Therefore, conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid is an oxidation reaction.
A. Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
B. Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
C. Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.
D. Both assertion and reason are incorrect.

Answer 1

Hint: Calomel is the chemical compound with the formula \[{\text{H}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}\]. It is known as mercurous chloride and is an example for a compound of mercury. Brass is an alloy and is made by blending copper and zinc in different proportions.

Complete step by step answer:
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc and has much importance in the industry because of its hardness and workability. The earliest brass was made by the reduction of mixtures of zinc ores and copper ores. The quality of brass depends on the zinc content. White brasses containing more than 45% of zinc are of little industrial importance, though a granulated form is used in brazing (soldering). The malleable brasses can again be divided into those that can be worked cold (generally those with less than 40 percent zinc) and those with a greater zinc content that requires hot working. The first group is known as the alpha brasses which are widely used in the manufacture of pins, bolts, ammunition cartridge cases etc. The beta brasses are less ductile but stronger and are suitable for the manufacture of sprinkler heads, door fittings, and other fixtures. A third group of brasses includes other elements besides copper and zinc which is added to improve physical and mechanical properties like corrosion resistance etc.
Calomel is a component of reference electrodes in electrochemistry. It has a variety of uses like as a laboratory reagent, as a fungicide, and as a depolarizer in dry batteries. It is a chemical compound known as mercurous chloride. The ratio of weight of mercury by chlorine can be shown as;
\[\dfrac{{{{2 \times 200}}{\text{.59}}}}{{{{2 \times 35}}{\text{.5}}}}\;{\text{ = 5}}{\text{.6}}\]

Hence, the answer is option A.

Additional information:
Calomel is found in the environment and its exposure is through inhalation, dermal routes etc. There is only limited evidence in animals and in humans for the carcinogenicity of calomel. Brass serves as an important alloy in the industry.

Note: There are a variety of brasses available in the industry and among them, the lead brasses are more easily machined. The aluminum brasses have the advantage of strength and corrosion resistance. Calomel is commonly used as an electrode in electrochemical studies.