Question

Assertion: Fossil fuels are an important source of energy.
Reason: Fossil fuels provide energy to different industries.
(A) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
(C) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(D) Both assertion and reason are false.

Answer 1

Hint: Fossils are remains, traces of organisms that existed in the past. They are considered as written documents of evolution. Fossils occur in sedimentary rocks, peat, volcanic ash, amber, ice, asphalt, etc. Fossil fuels are combustible, geologic, deposits of organic materials formed from decayed plants and animals that have been converted to coal, natural gas crude oil, or heavy oils by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth crust over hundreds of millions of years.

Complete answer:
Nowadays, the world's primary energy sources are fossil fuels. They include oil, coal, and natural gas. They have been formed over the course of millions of years.
Oil: It is the world’s primary fuel source for transportation. Most oil is observed from underground resources, but also found embedded in shale and tar sands. After extraction, crude oil is processed in oil refineries to create fuel oil, LPG, gasoline and other non-fuel products such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, fertilizer and plastics.
Coal: it is primarily used to generate electricity. Metallurgical coke: It is a key ingredient of the steel industry. Coal converted to Coke produces around 70% of the world's steel. Cement production: by-products of coal combustion such as fly ash play an important role in cement manufacture and wider construction industry. Gasification and liquefaction: when coal is heated and pressurized with steam it produces town gas for domestic lighting, cooking, heating. It is liquefied to make synthetic fuel similar to petroleum or diesel. Other industries: Coal is used in paper, glass, textile industries. It is used to make carbon fibers, silicon metals which are used to produce ingredients for household and personal care sectors.
Natural gas: it is most commonly used to produce electricity or heat for building for industrial processes.
The utilization of fossil fuels has enabled the development of large scale industries and largely supplanted what are driven mills, as well as the combustion of wood or peat for heat.

So, the correct answer is option (A).

Note:
The burning of fossil fuel is the largest source of emissions of carbon dioxide which is one of the greenhouse gases that allows radiative forcing and contributes to global warming. The combustion of coal releases air pollutants such as Sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and mercury which contributes to acid rain. Mining process results in destruction of vegetation and topsoil. Rivers and streams are contaminated by mine wastes. Combustion of mobile releases fine particulates which leads to respiratory problems. Oil is a major source of greenhouse gas emission.