Question

What are the three major factors about the population?

Answer 1

Hint: Population may be defined as the total number of people (all age groups inclusive) living in a particular geographical area. The study of population is known as demography which is social science, which means it deals with social, cultural, economic, political aspects of people in relation to the physical features of the area.

Complete answer: Population of a place is largely determined by the birth rate and death rate of any place. Along with this factor, the impact of urbanisation, globalisation, changes in the lifestyle, spread of education and many others have immensely influenced the population features of a particular area.

Some of the major factors about population are can be enumerated as follows;
Mortality Rate- In the ancient times, with the low scientific and medical advancement, the mortality was very low. Though birth rate was quite high, but because of low medical assistance, child death or death at old age was very common, that led to the population to be quite low.
With scientific and medical advancement, the death rate began to slow down. It came to the situation where the birth rate was high but death rate fell considerably, which led to a huge population. In many developing and under developed countries the scenario is like that of this situation. Poor educational quality, poor economic conditions and many other factors have led to this population explosion situation.
In the developed countries, with more awareness with education and high economic conditions, the birth rate is low and the death rate is also low.
Economic Conditions- In the countries that are in the early stage of economic prosperity tend to have a higher rate of population. People of that country think kids to be potential earners. In the agrarian economy where the majority of the works are manual, labour is very much needed. So, children from an early age are made to work to contribute to the income of the family. In the developed countries, the inverse scenario is witnessed where most of the work revolves around the industries, and people depend on technology much more than they depend on manual labour. Low population does not affect the income of the family much.
Education: Education affects the population of a place hugely. Knowledge on hygiene and proper sanitation will definitely reduce death rates, on the other hand knowledge on family planning will help to keep the birth rate in control. Education will also provide people with work that earns more money, thus a single person can earn much more than what multiple people earn from agriculture. Thus, birth rate can be controlled through education.

Note: There are other major factors influencing the population of a place, like migration, urbanisation, emancipation of women, agricultural changes, poverty and many others. The population and the age-sex composition of a place in the developed and the developing and underdeveloped countries vary largely due to these factors.