Question

What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.

Answer 1

Hint:Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen that occurs in a cell and converts chemical energy into ATPs. Anaerobic respiration is a process which takes in the absence of oxygen.

 Complete answer:
Aerobic respiration
>Aerobic respiration occurs in all plants, birds, animals and humans except for some prokaryotes. It takes place in the presence of oxygen.
>Oxygen acts as an electron acceptor that helps in producing ATPs more quickly and more effectively.
>The double bond present in oxygen has higher energy than other bonds that helps to produce more ATPs.
>The process of aerobic respiration is utilized for the oxidation of carbohydrates. Fats and proteins are also used as reactants.

Anaerobic respiration
>Anaerobic respiration occurs in some archaea which are known as methanogens use carbon dioxide as the electron acceptor which produces methane as a by-product.
>Group of purple sulphur bacteria uses sulphur as electron acceptor and produces hydrogen sulphide as a by-product.
>Anaerobic respiration is important for biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur.
>It takes place in the absence of oxygen. This results in less energy production.
>Some prokaryotes including bacteria species and archaea use the anaerobic mode of respiration.

Note:All the organisms that obtain energy by the mode of aerobic respiration cannot survive without the oxygen and produce more energy. Whereas anaerobic mode of respiration produces less energy and incomplete oxidation takes place.