Question

How are sunspots formed? What are they?

Answer 1

Hint: The star at the centre of our solar system is called the Sun. It is an intensely hot ball of gases like hydrogen and helium , and is held together by its own gravity. Sun and the planets that orbit it are part of the Milky Way galaxy.

Complete answer:
The entire sun can be divided into six regions. At the centre is the core which is the radiative zone. Then in the interior there is the convective zone. Outer layer of the Sun includes the photosphere, chromosphere and the corona.
The surface of the Sun has electrically charged gases which create magnetic fields. The movement of the Sun's gases causes these magnetic fields to move because of which there is a lot of activity on the Sun's surface called solar activity.
Solar activity varies day to day.
Areas that appear darker on the sun's surface are called sunspots. These are basically areas that are cooler than the rest of the surface of the sun. These areas are cooler as the magnetic field near these areas are very strong and keep the heat of the sun from reaching the surface.

Note:
When magnetic fields near sunspots get tangled and reorganize, they cause sudden explosions called solar flares. Solar flares let a lot of radiation out to space and this can sometimes interfere with earth’s radio communication.