Question

What are stilt roots and pneumatophores?

Answer 1

Hint: Roots are the non-leaf parts of a plant’s body that don't bear any nodes. It is the organ that lies below the surface of the soil. Roots also can be aerial i.e. growing above the surface of the bottom or aerated which suggests floating over the surface of the water. Roots are liable for providing the stems and therefore the leaves with adequate water and nutrients for his or her growth. Its main functions are as follows -anchorage of the plant, absorption of water and dissolved minerals and conduction of those to the stem, and storage of reserve foods. The basis differs from the stem mainly by lacking leaf scars and buds, having a plant organ, and having branches that originate from internal tissue instead of from buds. There are many sorts of roots. Stilt roots are adventitious roots and pneumatophores are specialized sorts of roots.

Complete answer:
Stilt roots (Brace roots): The aerial, adventitious obliquely growing roots that develop from the lower nodes of the stem to offer additional support are called stilt roots. Bearing several large overlapping root caps also called multiple root caps. Examples are Sugarcane, Pandanus, Rhizophora, Sorghum and Maize.
Pneumatophores are special kind of breathing roots which are found in mangrove plants. In mangrove forests, the soil is usually covered with salty seawater for tides. The oxygen quantity of the soil is restricted. The trees of the mangrove forests cannot process their systema respiratorium thereupon quantity of oxygen. These grow out from the water surface facilitating the aeration necessary for root respiration in hydrophytic trees like many mangrove species (e.g., Avicennia germinans and Laguncularia racemosa), bald cypresses, and cotton (tupelo) gum (Nyssa aquatica).

Note:
Many roots are used as food by humans. They include carrots, yam, potato, and radish. Roots are a source of important medicines that have life-saving potential in them. Plant medicines like ginseng, ipecac, Rauwolfia, ashwagandha are obtained from the roots. Roots contain tons of fiber. The fiber from roots is employed to form brooms, baskets, brushes, etc. Roots help within the prevention of erosion by conservation. By preventing erosion, they play a serious role within the prevention of desertification.