Question

What are sacred groves? What is their role in conservation?

Answer 1

Hint: Forest fragments of differing sizes, which are communally shielded, are the sacred groves of India. It usually has a major religious subtext for the protecting community. Hunting and logging are generally strictly forbidden within these patches.

Complete answer:
Sacred groves are the minor areas of religious belief where a specific plant species is grown and are considered sacred. Having spiritual content, these plant species are guarded against the local communities and thus helps in the conservation of the species. For example, sacred groves of Khejri are defended by the Bishnoi community of Rajasthan.

Tapovan, Mahavan, and Sreevan are the three types of forests according to the Hindu tradition. Tapovan is forests related to penance (Tapas), and are colonized by saints and rishis. Mahavan refers to the majestic natural forests. Tapovan and Mahavan are believed to be a Raksha (sanctuary) for plants and animals as ordinary human beings are not allowable to come in these forests. Sreevan, which denotes, “forests of prosperity”, consists of thick forests and groves. It acted as a repository for various ayurvedic medicines is one of the most important traditional uses of sacred groves.

Hence, the correct answer is option ().

Note: In current times, sacred groves have turned out to be biodiversity hotspots, as diverse species seek shelter in the areas due to continued habitat destruction and hunting. Sacred groves often contain plant and animal species that have become wiped out in adjacent areas. Hence they harbor great genetic diversity. Further, these sacred groves in metropolitan landscapes work as lungs to the city as well, providing much-required flora cover.