Question

What are recombinant DNA vaccines? Give two examples of such vaccines. Discuss their advantages.

Answer 1

Hint: DNA vaccination is a method of shielding an animal against disease by injecting it with genetically altered DNA that causes cells to manufacture antigens directly, resulting in a protective immune response. Several DNA vaccines for veterinary usage have been approved, and promising research has been conducted using the vaccinations to treat viral, bacterial, and parasite infections, as well as a variety of tumours. Despite the fact that just one DNA vaccine has been authorized for human use, DNA vaccines may have a number of advantages over traditional immunizations, including the capacity to elicit a wider spectrum of immune responses.

Complete answer:
DNA vaccines are a form of vaccination that transfects a specific antigen DNA-coding sequence onto the cells of an inoculated species.
Third-generation vaccinations are another name for them.
In comparison to other conventional vaccines, the DNA vaccine has a potential advantage.
These vaccinations are still not fully suitable for human usage and can only be used on animals.
Advantages of DNA Vaccine:
1. The immunological reaction was concentrated on the antigen in question.
2. Cost- effective.
3. Infection risk is reduced.
4. Immunogen's long-term persistence.

Note:
Applications of DNA vaccines:
1. Cancer DNA vaccinations - Cancer is a leading cause of mortality for people all around the world. DNA vaccines are a dependable form of immunotherapy that can be beneficial to cancer patients.
2. Tuberculosis vaccines based on DNA – Tuberculosis is a huge health problem for people all throughout the world, and a DNA-based vaccination could help to combat it.
3. HIV DNA vaccines - The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is a public health concern that can be treated with this type of vaccination.