Question

What are oxides? Write different types of oxides with one example each?

Answer 1

Hint: You can get an idea about an oxide by the name itself. To differentiate the oxides you can use their properties of donating or accepting electrons and provide the examples also.

Complete step by step answer:

We will now define the oxides and classify them accordingly -

Oxide - An oxide is a binary compound that we obtain upon the reaction of oxygen with other elements.
Classification Of Oxides - We can classify oxides into neutral, amphoteric and basic or acidic based on their acid-base characteristics.
Basic oxide: A basic oxide is an oxide which when combined with water gives off a base.
Metals react with oxygen to give basic compounds of oxygen. These compounds are usually ionic in nature. These compounds readily react with water except for a few exceptions.
Examples: Group 1, 2 and lanthanides form basic compounds of oxygen when they react with dioxygen. Few examples are ${ MO }_{ 2 }$, ${ ThO }_{ 2 }$
Acidic oxide: An acidic oxide is an oxide which when combined with water gives off an acid.
These compounds can also be called acid anhydrides.
Examples: Non-metals react with oxygen to form acidic compounds of oxides which are held together by covalent bonds. Few examples are NO, ${ CO }_{ 2 }$
Amphoteric oxide: Amphoteric oxides are compounds of oxygen which exhibits both acidic as well as basic characteristics.
These oxides when reacting with acid undergoes a neutralization reaction to form water and salt. This exhibits the basic property of the compounds.
Similarly reacts with the alkali to form salt and water, exhibiting acidic property.
Example: Aluminium oxide (${ Al }_{ 2 }{ O }_{ 3 }$)
Neutral Oxides: Some compounds react with oxygen to form oxides which do not exhibit acidic nor basic characteristics. Such compounds are called neutral compounds of oxygen.
Example: NO, CO.

Therefore, we defined the oxides and classified them with examples.

Note: You should also know these points about the properties of oxides -
During the formation of basic oxides, a large amount of energy is released.
Acid anhydrides usually have a low melting and boiling point except for compounds like ${ B }_{ 2 }{ O }_{ 3 }$ and ${ SiO }_{ 2 }$ which have high melting points and form giant molecules.