Question

What are macronutrients and micronutrients?

Answer 1

Hint: Nutrients are food compounds that are important to life and health. It provides us with energy and helps in the repair and growth process. Nutrients are also required to control chemical processes. Six main nutrients are available: carbohydrates, lipids (fats), protein, vitamins, minerals and water.

Complete solution:
Macro-nutrients are those nutrients that are required in large quantities. The nutritional components of food that the body uses for energy and to sustain the structure and structures of the body are macronutrients. Carbohydrates (sugar), lipids (fats), and proteins are three macronutrients required by humans. In the form of calories, each one of these macronutrients provides energy. For instance:
i. There are 4 calories per gram in carbohydrates.
ii. There are 4 calories per gram in proteins.
iii. There are 9 calories per gram in fats.
Micro-nutrients are those nutrients that are required in small quantities. In human nutrition, micronutrients play an important role that includes preventing and treatment of different diseases and disorders, as well as the regulation of physical and mental functioning. The two micronutrient groups are vitamins and minerals. They play a vital role in human development and well-being, including the regulation of metabolism, heartbeat, cellular pH and bone density. Although they are only needed in small quantities, lack of micronutrients can lead to stunted development in children and increased risk for various health risks in adulthood.

Note: The nutrient-dense foods are vegetables, berries, whole grains, beans, nuts, seeds, and lean protein. Less nutrient-rich are candies, pastries, popcorn, bacon and sugar-sweetened drinks. Added sugar, solid fats and refined starch found in these foods have few essential nutrients.