Question

Answer the following questions on the Battle of Plassey and Buxar
(A) Who was the Nawab of Bengal in 1757?
(B) Who introduced the subsidiary alliance?
(C) Name the policy of Lord Dalhousie.
(D) When was Queen Victoria's proclamation issued?

Answer 1

Hint: Battle of Plassey - fought between East India company headed by Robert Clive and Nawab of Bengal Siraj-ud-daulah.
Battle of Buxar- fought between English force, and a joint army of Nawab of Oudh, Nawab of Bengal, Mughal emperor.

Complete answer:
Siraj-ud-daulah was the Nawab of Bengal in 1757 who fought the Battle of Plassey in 1757, 23 June. Forces led by Mir Jafar, one of the Siraj-ud-daulah commanders was the main reason for defeat of the Nawab because they never fought the Battle. Clive promised Mir Jafar to be made Nawab after crushing Siraj-ud-daulah.
Lord Wellesley introduced the subsidiary alliance. India King should pay an amount towards the cost of residence and the ruler was provided with Military security. The ruler should not negotiate with other rulers for anything.
The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie, it's basis was to acquire more and more territory for the British. If the state's king had no heir or if the heir was not competent, then the state would be annexed by the British. Through this Doctrine, British took over the Bhonsla kingdom, Satara, Jhansi, and other smaller states.
A grand Durbar was held at Allahabad, on November 1,1858. The Queen's Proclamation of 1858 was the assurance to the Indian Princes that their territories will never be annexed by the British. This proclamation decided and implemented the future policy of the British Rule in India.

Note: With the conquest of Bengal ended the first phase of British conquest of India. They were now virtual rulers of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. The Nawab of Awadh and Carnatic were the dependents. The Mughal Emperor was their pensioner; the next and final phase of British conquest lasted from 1765 to 1857.