Question

An element which is an essential constituent of all organic compounds belongs to the _______group.
(A) 5th
(B) 8th
(C) 14th
(D) 12th

Answer 1

Hint: Organic compounds are those compounds that contain carbon hydrogen bond. Carbon is essentially present in organic compounds.

Complete step by step answer:
Carbon is an essential element of organic compounds.
Atomic number of carbon is 6.
It’s electronic configuration is 2,4 or $1{s^2}2{s^2}2p_x^12p_y^12p_z^0$
Electronic configuration carbon atom at ground state

Electronic configuration carbon atom at excited state

Carbon atom forms four covalent bonds with other atoms therefore its valiancy is four.
Carbon is a p-block element because the last electron enters in p-orbitals.
The group number can be predicted as
Group number$ = 10 + $Numbers of electron in valence shell
$ = 10 + 4$
$ = {14^{th}}$ group.

Therefore, from the above explanation, the correct option is (C) 14^th group.

Additional Information:
Organic compounds make up the bulk of living organisms. There are four categories that are found in living things.
They are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic Acid.
All these compounds contain C-element as an essential element.
Organic compounds found throughout the world, in soils and seas, commercial products and every cell of the human body.
Carbon atoms have the unique property of catenation. Catenation is the bonding of atoms of the same element into a series called chain. They are present either in the form of chain, branch or a ring. Therefore, it forms millions of organic compounds. Carbon shows the property of catenation to the maximum extent.

Note:
Carbon has very unique properties.
They are- It is abundant and forms strong covalent bonds, it has four valence electrons, it has a variety of shapes, and it bonds with multiple elements.