Question

An archer stretches her bow while taking aim at the target. She then releases the arrow, which begins to move towards the target. Based on this information fill up the gaps in the following statements using the following terms:
Muscular, contact, non-contact, gravity, friction, shape, attraction
(a)To stretch the bow, the archer applies a force that causes a change in its _____.
(b)The force applied by the archer to stretch the bow is an example of _____ force.
(c)The type of force responsible for a change in the state of motion of the arrow is an example of a _____ force.
(d)While the arrow moves towards its target, the forces acting on it are due to _____ and that due to _____ of air.

Answer 1

Hint: First of all, we will try to imagine if we do some work on a body, what change is observed in them is most common. We do our work with the help of arms, legs, etc. which are composed of muscles. All bodies are acted upon by gravity whether it is small or big. When a body tries to move in a medium, the medium tries to resist its motion.

Complete step by step answer:
In the given question, we are supplied with the following data:
An archer stretches a bow while she takes an aim at the target.
After that she releases the arrow, which cruises towards the target.
$(a)$ To release an arrow from a bow, we have to give the arrow sufficient energy so that it cruises ahead with great speed. In order to give the energy, we cannot just throw manually with our arms. The energy provided to the arrow is the potential energy which comes into force, after she has applied force on the bow, so that the string is stretched fully. The work done on the bow, converts this into the restoring force, which when released, the potential energy is converted to the kinetic energy. This kinetic energy is imparted to the arrow which moves ahead very fast.
Hence, the answer is shape.
$(b)$The force exerted using parts of the body such as arms or legs is muscle force. Because of the motion of muscles, it is a force that results that is a contact force because there is contact with the surfaces. Whenever the body's motion happens, muscular strength is needed. It takes physical force to stroll, lift, get up from a bench, cross a knee, and so on.
Hence, the answer is muscular force.
$(c)$Any force needing touch to occur is a contact force. So, the type of force responsible for a change in the state of motion of the arrow is an example of a contact force.
$(d)$Gravity occurs for any two masses, any two bodies, any two particles, as a force of attraction. The attraction between objects and the planet is not necessarily gravity. It is an attraction that occurs in the world between all things, everywhere.The objects travelling across the open-air feel air friction. Air pressure operates between the material and the air it passes through. This force depends on the shape, substance and velocity of the object in which it travels.

Hence, the answer is gravity and friction.

Note: While answering this question, we must know about the muscular forces, difference between contact and no-contact forces. Most of the students seem to have confusion regarding contact and non-contact forces. Upthrust provided by water is an example of non-contact force. Gravity always acts on a body and depends upon the size. It is a universal force.