Question

Among the isomers of ${C_6}{H_{14}}$ , which will give the maximum number of mono-chloro derivatives?
A.$2,3 - $dimethyl butane
B.$2 - $methyl pentane
C.$3 - $methyl pentane
D.Hexane

Answer 1

Hint:
Isomers are those who have the same molecular formula but have different arrangements of the atoms in a space. The phenomenon of existence of two or more compounds possessing the same molecular formula but different properties is known as isomerism.

Complete step by step answer:
Mono chloro derivatives mean after the addition of chlorine atoms, different types of isomers are formed.
For hexane, there is a symmetry of the structure at the third and fourth bond, so chloride can attach to the first, second and third to give three mono chloro derivatives.
In $2 - $ methyl pentane chloride can attach to any of the five carbon to give five different mono chloro derivatives.
In $2,3 - $ dimethyl butane, there is a symmetry in the second and third bonds, so the chloride will attach to first and second carbon to give two different structures.
Out of all the isomers of ${C_6}{H_{14}}$ only $2 - $ methyl pentane will give the maximum number of mono chloro derivatives.
So the correct answer will be option B) $2 - $ methyl pentane.

Additional information:
Isomerization is the process in which one molecule is transformed into another molecule that has exactly the same number of atoms but is arranged in a different manner.
Conformation isomers are separated from any other isomer by an energy barrier, the amount that must be temporarily added to the internal energy of the molecule in order to go through conformations along the easiest path.

Note:The large molecules such as in open chain structures may have isomers that differ by topology of their overall arrangement in space , even if there is no specific geometric constraint that separates them. Isomerism is of two types : Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism. structural isomerism is due to different structural formulas and stereoisomerism is due to the same molecular formula but different spatial arrangement.