Question

Amoeba acquires its food through a process termed as
(a) Exocytosis
(b) Endocytosis
(c) Plasmolysis
(d) Both A and B

Answer 1

Hint: Holozoic feeding mode is demonstrated by Amoeba. In five stages, the feeding mode takes place: intake, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion. Ingestion is the first phase where solid food is consumed as a whole inside the body of the Amoeba.

Complete answer:
The Amoeba is a single-cell organism that lives mostly in marine or aquatic environments. By a system of holozoic feeding, it obtains its food. In this feeding mode, the species take the solid or liquid food as a whole and ingest it within the body. The Amoeba diet takes place in the following stages:
a. Ingestion - It is characterized as the act of eating or swallowing food intake. The Amoeba is made up of false feet known as 'pseudopodia,' which helps to swallow the food. These pseudopodia are extended by Amoeba and the food forming a food vacuole is engulfed.
b. Digestion - The mechanism by which complicated food content is broken down into simpler forms is known as digestion. With the help of digestive enzymes, the enveloped food in the food vacuole is converted into soluble forms.
c. Absorption - It is important to transfer all the digested food on to the blood. The mechanism of transferring the food digested to the blood is referred to as absorption. Diffusion is sometimes called this method.
d. Assimilation - It is the mechanism by which the Amoeba obtains nutrition from the food content consumed by digestion. Ingested food content is used by several life processes to create electricity.
e. Egestion - The entire undigested food content must be thrown out of the body. By rupturing the cell membrane and extracting the waste, this mechanism happens.
The mechanism of removing molecules from an organism's body is called exocytosis. Plasmolysis leads to water leakage from the plant that causes it to shrink. Endocytosis is the process through which molecules enter an organism's body. This is the technique of which in amoeba during feeding.
Therefore, the correct option is (b)-Endocytosis

Note: The Amoeba is a single-celled organism. It illustrates the holozoic feeding mode where it uses different digestive enzymes to engulf the entire meal and digest it. Endocytosis or phagocytosis is referred to as this process of engulfing the food molecule.