Question

Aleurone layer is present in
A. Bacterial biofilm
B. Virus infected plant cell
C. Pathogenic fungi
D. Seed

Answer 1

Hint: Aleurone Layer is an epidermis like layer. The periphery of the endosperm of many plant species forms this layer. During the process of germination, this layer performs an important digestive function. Basically, aleurone is a protein found in protein granules of seeds and tubers that are maturing. It is the outermost layer of the endosperm. Cells containing aleurones form the aleurone layer.

Complete answer:
The Aleurone layer is the surrounding layer of the endosperm. Its main function is to provide proper nutrition to the embryo enclosed in the seed. It actively secretes few enzymes which help in germination.

> Option A- Bacterial biofilm: Bacterial biofilm are densely packed communities of microbial cells which grow on living surfaces and surround themselves with secreted polymers. There are many bacterial species that form biofilms.

> Option B- Virus infected plant cell: Some viruses can infect plants when some small insects tap into the phloem to feed. Some insect vectors can also pick up virus particles and carry them to new plant hosts. Plants can also get infected by some wound site created by some insect.

> Option C- Pathogenic fungi: Pathogenic fungi are fungi that causes disease in various organisms Pathogenic fungi acquire resistance against pesticides and all. Most pathogenic species are Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus.

> Option D- Seed: In monocotyledons endospermic seed, endosperm is surrounded by a one cell layer that is a thick layer, called aleurone layer. The cells of these layers are filled with aleurone grains important for the process of germination.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: Aleurone layer is made of aleurone grains. Aleurone grains are membrane bound and they contain globoids, which are storage bodies. The aleurone layer differentiates from the rest of the starchy endosperm approx. 2 weeks after pollination. In the initial stage aleurone cells are not distinguishable from peripheral cells, then it starts forming protein and oil bodies and after 35 days of pollination it becomes fully formed.