Question

After the decline of the Chalukya Kingdom of Kalyani at the close of the 12 and of the Chola Kingdom at the beginning of the 13century, the new kingdoms which arose in South India were…..
(A) Yadavas of Devagiri and Kakatiyas of Warangal.
(B) Hoysalas of Dwarasamudra and Pandyas of Madurai.
(C) Both (a) and (b) above
(d) Vijayanagar and Bahmani Kingdom.

Answer 1

Hint: After the Chalukyas of Badami were exploited by Dantidurga, they revived after two centuries and were called as Chalukyas of Kalyani, which was established by Tailapa-II, who was one of the feudatories of the Rashtrakuta. Kalyani was the capital of the Kannadiga dynasty sometimes also called Kalyani Chalukyas.

Complete answer:
After the decline of the Chalukya Kingdom of Kalyani at the close of 12 century and of the Chola Kingdom at the beginning of the 13 century, the new kingdoms which arose in South India were Yadavas of Devagiri and Kakatiyas of Warangal and Hoysalas of Dwarasamudra and Pandyas of Madurai.
Kalyani Chalukyas: Also called as the western Chalukyas and later Chalukyas.
Yadavas: The Yadava Dynasty (850 - 1334CE), they initially ruled as feudatories of the Western Chalukyas. The foundations of Marathi culture were laid by the Yadavas.
Kakatiyas: The Kakatiya Dynasty was a dynasty that ruled parts of Telangana, from (1083 - 1323CE) . They were one of the great Telugu kingdoms.
Hoysalas: In the early 12 century they fought the Cholas in the south. In the early 13 century, the Hoysala power remains unchanged, the first of the Muslim incursions into South India began.
Pandyas of Madurai: Pallavas were replaced by the Pandyas in the 8 century. Their capital was Madurai. They excelled in both trades as well as in literature.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Chola Dynasty was one of the biggest dynasties in South India. The Cholas were one of the three main dynasties to rule south India from ancient India. Amongst them, Karikala Chola was the most famous king during the early years of the dynasty and somehow managed to gain ascendency over the Pandyas and Cheras.