Question

a)Distinguish between pollination and fertilization.
b)Mention the site and product of fertilisation in the flower.
c)Draw a neat diagram of pistil showing pollen tube growth and its entry into ovule.

Answer 1

Hint: Pollination and fertilization occurs in plants during sexual reproduction. They are the two main and natural processes for producing offspring. Both processes occur in all bisexual flowers, in which both male and female reproductive structures (anther and stigma) are involved. Therefore, flowers are considered to be the reproductive organs of all flowering plants.

Complete answer:
a)

Pollination	Fertilisation
It is an external process	It can either be external or internal
It takes place before fertilisation	It takes place after pollination
It is a physical process	It is genetic and biochemical process
Pollination occurs from stamen anthers to ovarian stigma.	It's a fusion of female and male gametes.
The pollinants are wind, water, birds, insects, and other animals	Fertilization is carried out by the growing pollen tube which enters the ovule
External factors are needed.	External factors are not necessary.
This process is leading to fertilization.	This process is leading to the formation of seeds.
Pollen tube is not required	Pollen tubes are formed for the transfer of male gametes to the egg cell.
Pollination occurs in flowering plants only.	Fertilization is followed by almost every living being on the planet Earth, including plants, animals, birds, insects, humans, etc.

b)The fertilization site is ovule/ovary
A zygote is the product of fertilization.

(C)In flowers, the pollen grain germinates after the carpel is pollinated and grows into a style by creating a pathway for the pollen grain to move down to the ovary.
The tube of pollen opens through the micropyle into the ovule and bursts into the embryo bag. Here, the male nucleus unites with the nucleus of the egg inside the ovule forming a diploid zygote, which later swells and develops into a fruit.

Note: Double fertilization is a fertilization process characterized by the fusion of a female gametophyte with two male gametes. In this mechanism, one sperm cell fuses with the egg-producing zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to make the endosperm. All angiosperm plants undergo double fertilization.