Question

According to IUPAC nomenclature, sodium nitroprusside is named is:
A) Sodium nitroferricyanide
B) Sodium nitroferricyanide
C) Sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (II)
D) Sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (III)

Answer 1

Hint:For this naming IUPAC has given few guidelines. Inorganic molecular compounds are named with a prefix before each element. The more electronegative element is written last and with an -ide suffix. And its oxidation state is shown at last. There are many exceptions.

Complete step by step answer:
Nomenclature is a collection of rules for naming various chemical compounds, naming is very
important in science and in many other situations of day to day life of scientists and others.
The formula of sodium nitroprusside is \[N{a_2}\left[ {Fe{{\left( {CN} \right)}_5}NO} \right]\]. For
naming it first the sodium cation is written first. Then after that the names of various ligands are
written in alphabetical order in order to avoid any confusion. Then at last the name of iron metal is
written as ferrate and the oxidation state of the compound is shown at the end in roman numerals.
Thus, the IUPAC Name of Sodium Nitroprusside is Sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (III).
Therefore, D is the correct option.

Additional information: Application of nitroprusside reaction is a chemical test, which is used to detect the presence of cysteine’s thiol group in proteins. If there is presence of free thiol group in protein then it will give red colour when mixed to a solution of sodium nitroprusside in ammonia which is aqueous state.

Note:
Nitroprusside is a medication prescribed to the patients to treat their congestive heart failure
and high blood pressure situations. It belongs to a category of drugs known as antihypertensives,
which work by relaxation of smooth muscle of blood vessels causing their dilation.