Question

A type is one particular specimen (or group of the specimen) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. Match column 1 (the type with column2 (description) and select the correct option from the codes given.

Column 1	Column 2
A.Holotype	1.A specimen cited with an original description other than the holotype or isotype
B. Isotype	2. A duplicate of the holotype
C. Paratype	3. A specimen designated in the original description
D. Lectotype	4. A specimen selected from the original material to serve as the nomenclatural type when the holotype was not designated.

A. A-3,B-2,C-1,D-4
B. A-3,B-1,C-2,D-4
C. A-3,B-2,C-4,D-1
D. A-3,B-4C-1,D-2

Answer 1

Hint: In typification for nomenclature, different samples are collected. This collected sample forms a different type based on the sample collection date, area, etc. Holotype and isotype could be the same, but paratype and holotype can not be the same.

Complete answer:
The correct match is- A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1.
Types of nomenclature type:-
A. Holotype: It is a specimen designated in the original description. It is the actual specimen collected, identified and submitted to the organization.
B. Isotype: It is a duplicate of the holotype.
C. Paratype: It is a specimen selected from original material to serve as the nomenclatural type when the holotype was not designated.
D. Lectotype: It is a specimen cited with an original description other than the holotype or isotype.
Binomial nomenclature: It was first introduced by Carolus Linnaeus. In this, each species is given a name that consists of two parts, the first name is denoted as genus and the second denoted as species. E.g. human binomial nomenclature is Homo sapiens. Homo is a generic name and sapiens is its specific epithet. To give a valid nomenclature to plant species, one has to fulfil the following conditions - typification.
Typification: It refers to assigning a nomenclature type for a name, nomenclature type herbarium specimen with one or more plants on it. To avoid ambiguity and to develop consensus among the scientific community, when a name is assigned to a new plant species, it must have a nomenclature type that matches the description.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Additional information: International organization for botanical nomenclature is the deciding body for the nomenclature of the plant specimen and the international organization for zoological nomenclature is the deciding body for the nomenclature of the animal specimen

Note: Holotype, paratype and isotype are selected at the same time but the paratype is selected later on. The sample source for holotype, paratype and isotype could be the same but not for paratype.