Question

What is a transformer and its types?

Answer 1

Hint: In order to solve this question, we are going to firstly define the transformer in detail giving all its properties, functions and idea behind it. After that the transformers are divided based on the various factors that affect the transformers. The different types of transformers are given.

Complete step-by-step solution:
A transformer is a device used to step up or step down the voltage. In other words, it is a static device that changes the level of voltage between different circuits. The transformer is basically a voltage control device. It is widely applied for the distribution and transmission of the alternating current power. The main idea behind the use of a transformer is to maintain a balance between the electricity that is generated at very high voltages and the consumption that is done at very low voltages.
The transformers are classified based on the voltage levels, medium of core used, winding arrangement and install location:
Types of transformer:
Based on the voltage levels:
1. Step – up transformer
2. Step down transformer
Based on the medium of core used:
1. Air core transformer
2. Iron core transformer
Based on the winding arrangement:
1. Autotransformer
Based on the install location:
1. Power Transformer
2. Distribution Transformer
3. Measurement Transformers
4. Protection Transformers

Note:It is to be noted that the transformer works on the principle of Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction and mutual induction. In the transformer core, there are primary and secondary coils. A transformer performs the transfer of electrical energy from one circuit to another and two circuits are linked with mutual induction.