Question

A protoplast is a cell
(a)Without a cell wall
(b)Without Plasma membrane
(c)Without nucleus
(d)Undergoing division

Answer 1

Hint: A cell wall is the wall of a cell in plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, and some archaea. Animal cells are devoid of the cell wall and even protozoa too. Cell walls protect the cells from damage. Cell wall helps to make the cell strong, to keep its shape, and to control the growth of the cell and plant.

Complete answer:
Protoplasts are cells with the plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, which have had their cell wall removed by the action of enzymes. Cellulase enzymes digest the cellulose in plant cell walls while pectinase enzymes break down the pectin holding cells together. Once the cell wall has been removed the resulting protoplast will have a spherical shape.

Additional Information:
Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, may be a sort of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused to make a replacement hybrid plant with the characteristics of both of the plants.

Uses of somatic fusion include making potato plants immune to potato leafroll disease. Through somatic fusion, the crop potato plant potato – the yield of which is severely reduced by a viral disease transmitted on by the aphid vector – is fused with the wild, non-tuber-bearing potato Solanum brevidens, which is immune to the disease. The resulting hybrid has the chromosomes of both plants and is thus almost like polyploid plants. Somatic hybridization was first introduced by Carlson.

So, the correct answer is, “Without a cell wall.”

Note: Mycoplasma can live independently with no cell wall. Mycoplasma is considered as the smallest prokaryotic microbial cells and can be isolated from normal human and animal respiratory mucosa.
-The smallest cell is Mycoplasma (PPLO-Pleuropneumonia-like organisms). It is about 10 micrometre in size. The largest cell is an egg cell of an ostrich.