Question

A person meets with an accident and great loss of blood has occurred. There is no time to analyse his blood group. Which type of blood group is safe to transfer?

Answer 1

Hint: Blood is the fluid connective tissue. It consists of Plasma which is the liquid part of the blood and Blood corpuscles which is made up of Red blood corpuscles(RBC), White blood corpuscles(WBC) and Blood platelets. LANDSTEINER in 1990 was awarded Noble prize for grouping the blood.

Complete answer:
The O Rh Negative blood type is used for the Emergency Purpose Blood transfusion.
The reason of O Rh Negative blood type for emergency purpose is listed below:
The O Rh Negative blood is the universal donor, because this blood type doesn’t contain A, B or Rh antigens. So it causes low risk, at the time of blood transfusion.
Human blood grouping: The antigen, antibody and the Rhesus(Rh) factor are the main reason for the ABO blood grouping. There are totally 8 groups of blood.
The Glycoprotein which is present in the surface of RBC is known as Antigen. Usually Antigen are of two types: Antigen A and Antigen B.
The protein which is present in the blood plasma is known as Antibody. The Antibodies are of two types: Antibody A and Antibody B.
Now, there are four groups of blood in humans.
If the blood contains Antigen A, and the Antibody B – it is group A blood type.
If the blood contains Antigen B, and the Antibody A – it is group B blood type.
If the blood contains both A and B Antigen and no Antibody – it is group AB blood type.
If the blood contains both A and B Antibody and no Antigen – it is group O blood type.
The Rhesus factor is the inherited factor found on the surface of the protein.
If the Rh factor is present in the blood, it results in Rh positive blood type.
If the Rh factor is absent in the blood, it results in Rh negative blood type.
The Rh factor is the main factor which divides the blood group as further as Rh positive and Rh negative.
Moreover, there are eight types of blood.
They are: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O-

Among this “O negative is the universal donor blood type” and “AB+ is the universal receptor”.

Note: If the blood transfusion happens wrongly, i.e. when B type blood group is transfused into A type blood group. The antibody B which is present in the A type blood group invades the antigen B which is present in B group, this happens because the antibody and the antigen present in the same blood are opposite to each other as they bind to maintain the fluidity of the blood.