Question

A moving magnet can produce current. How?

Answer 1

Hint: To explain how a magnet can produce a current inside a coil, use the Faraday’s law of electromagnetism. When the magnetic flux through a coil is changing, an emf is induced inside the coil, which produces a current in the coil.

Complete answer:
A magnet is a material that produces magnetic fields in its surroundings. Magnetic field lines affect the motion of moving charges. When a charged particle enters a region, where there is a magnetic field, the charged particle experiences a force called magnetic force, which changes its velocity and accelerates it.

We know that a magnet shows magnetic properties. It is found that a magnet can produce a current inside a coil when it produces a changing magnetic flux inside the coil. From one of Faraday's laws we know that when the magnetic flux through a coil is changing, an emf is induced inside the coil, which produces a current in the coil.

Suppose we have a magnet in front of a coil, along the perpendicular axis of the coil. Now, we move the magnet towards the coil. By doing this, the magnetic field lines inside the coil either increase or decrease depending on the polarity of the magnet facing the coil. Since the magnetic field lines through the coil are changing, the magnetic flux through the coil also changes. Therefore, an emf is induced in the coil, which induces a current in the coil.

Hence, we say that a magnet can produce current.

Note:The direction in which the current flows in the coil, depends on the change in the magnetic flux. When the magnetic field lines are increasing, the current will flow in one direction and when the magnetic field lines are decreasing, the current will flow in the opposite direction.