Question

A group of simple fruits developed from a single flower is
A. Cypsela
B. Caryopsis
C. Etaerio
D. Berry

Answer 1

Hint: Fruit is the mature or dry ripened ovary of a flower. The flowering plants or the angiosperms are characterized by the presence of a fruit. A fruit has mainly two parts- Fruit wall and seed.

Complete answer: A group of simple fruits developed from a single flower is called Etaerio. An aggregate or group of simple fruits borne by apocarpous ovaries of a single flower is known as Etaerio. Aggregate fruits are formed from polycarpellary, apocarpous ovaries. Each carpel develops into a fruitlet and all fruitlets together form an aggregate fruit.
Aggregate fruits are of the following types:
An Etaerio of achenes: Strawberry.
An Etaerio of berries: Artabotrys.
An Etaerio of follicles: Delphinium, Michelia.
An Etaerio of drupes: Raspberry.
Cypsela: It is a fruit which develops from bicarpellary, unilocular and inferior ovary. Calyx is a hair-like structure called pappus which helps in the dispersal of fruits. e.g., Sunflower, Sonchus.
Caryopsis: It is a fruit which develops from monocarpellary, unilocular ovary. Fruit wall or pericarp is completely fused with a seed coat. e.g., Wheat, maize and rice.
Berry: It is a one to many seeded fruits. Epicarp forms the outer skin. Middle thick and fleshy part is called Mesocarp with a membrane like endocarp. e.g., Tomato, grapes and banana.

So the correct answer is option C.

Note: Fruits are divided into 3 types: Simple fruits (Dry dehiscent, dry indehiscent and succulent), Aggregate fruits and composite fruits. Cypsela and caryopsis falls under the dry indehiscent fruits and berry falls under fleshy or succulent fruits.