Question

A garden pea plant (A) produced an inflated yellow pod, and another plant (B) of the same species produced constricted green pods. Identify the dominant traits.

Answer 1

Hint:According to the Mendel’s study the dominant traits of pea plants are round seed shape, yellow seed colour, violet flower colour, inflated pod shape, green pod colour, axial flower position, and tall stem height.

Complete answer:
Gregor Mendel carried out studies in the field of hybridization on garden peas for the seven years (1856-1863). It was the first time that statistical analysis and mathematical logic was used for problems in biology during Mendel's inquiry into inheritance patterns. His studies were large-scale, giving the data that he obtained greater credibility. Furthermore, the validation of his findings from studies on the successive generations of his test plants showed that his results applied to general inheritance laws rather than failed concepts. In the garden pea plant Mendel examined characters manifesting as two opposing characteristics, such as tall or dwarf plants, yellow or green seeds. It helped him to create a fundamental structure of inheritance rules.

The traits that are contrasting by Mendel are the colour of flower (purple or white), position of flower (axial or terminal), the length of the stem (long or short), the shape of the seed (round or wrinkled), the seed colour (green or green), the pod shape (inflated or constricted), and the pod colour (yellow or green). Therefore, we can say that the inflated yellow pods are the dominant trait and constricted green pods are the recessive trait in Mendel’s studies.

Note:According to the Mendel’s study the recessive traits of pea plants are wrinkled seed shape, green seed colour, white flower colour, constricted pod shape, yellow pod colour, terminal flower position, and dwarf stem.