Question

A fish, Nile Perch, introduced into Lake Victoria in East-Africa led to the extinction of Chichilid fishes in the lake. This is an example of
(a)Fragmentation
(b)Overexploitation
(c)Co Extinctions
(d)Invasion of alien species

Answer 1

Hint: An organism that is introduced into a new environment, taking it from its natural habitat can turn negatively to the indigenous species due to unnatural hunting and exploitation of resources.

Complete answer:
A fish, Nile Perch, introduced into Lake Victoria in East-Africa led to the extinction of Chichilid fishes in the lake. This is an example of the Invasion of alien species. Alien species are the Nike Perch which invades the natural habitat of Chichilid fishes and later leads to the extinction of the same.

Additional Information: -Some organisms are evolved and adapted to certain regions and its food chain. This creates a balanced food web where predators hunt only till a limit of the prey.
-When these organisms are removed from that natural habitat and introduced to another habitat, they may reduce in its population due to the hunting of other animals or due to physical conditions or turn dominant and destroy the natural habitat by hunting inferior organisms.
-The introduction of Nile perch into Lake Victoria in East Africa caused the extinction of 200 species of cichlid fish in the lake.
So, the correct answer is 'Invasion of alien species'.

Note: -Another example is the introduction of African catfish Clarias gariepinus for the need cultivation is leading to the extinction of the indigenous fishes in the water bodies.
-Alien invasion of organisms can occur in plants also, where fast-growing plants drain the water and nutrient sources which reduces the growth of other low-growing plants.
-Introduction of foreign organisms is mostly by human causes, where certain organisms are introduced for its beauty, such as the water hyacinth.